Death from any cause

Overview

Definition

Death from any cause

Unit

Not reported

Measured in

Studies in this atlas that report this outcome, by the claim each finding supports. Each finding keeps its own population, denominator and time window on the study page.

• Endpoint role not specified WOMAN trial (World Maternal Antifibrinolytic Trial) · See the findings

  Applies to Maternal

  • Women aged 16 years and older with a clinical diagnosis of postpartum haemorrhage after a vaginal birth or caesarean section. WOMAN specified that the diagnosis could rest on clinically estimated blood loss of more than 500 mL after vaginal birth or 1000 mL after caesarean section, or any blood loss sufficient to compromise haemodynamic stability. This is the trial eligibility wording, not a WHO definition. The fundamental eligibility criterion was the clinician uncertainty about whether to use tranexamic acid in that woman. The overall result covers every treatment time.
  • Hospitals (193 in the paper).
  • Hospitals in 21 countries. The paper site list names Nigeria, Pakistan, Uganda, Kenya, Cameroon, Sudan, United Kingdom, Tanzania, Nepal, Zambia, Albania, Democratic Republic of Congo, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Burkina Faso, Jamaica, Ghana, Papua New Guinea, Egypt, Colombia and Cote d'Ivoire.
  • Postpartum, treated within hours of birth or later
  • Gestational age Not reported
  • Postnatal age Not reported

  Follow-up Outcome data were collected at death, discharge or 42 days after randomisation, whichever came first.
  In WOMAN, 227 women given tranexamic acid (2.3%) and 256 given placebo (2.6%) died from any cause, a risk ratio of 0.88 (95% CI 0.74 to 1.05, p=0.16). The difference was not statistically significant. The authors note that more than a quarter of deaths were not due to bleeding, which dilutes any effect on all-cause death, and that the effect on death due to bleeding is the more generalisable measure.

  Source problem. A cited source is corrected. Check the sources before relying on this claim.

  Limitations. All-cause death was assessed separately from the primary composite and is not named as a secondary outcome in the methods, so its endpoint role is not specified. The mix of bleeding and non-bleeding deaths varies by region and hospital, so the authors say the all-cause effect is not generalisable. Denominators are 10 036 and 9985 as printed, and the paper prints no total. Source correction: the Lancet printed a correction to this paper (a Department of Error notice; the online article was corrected on 5 May 2017). It changes one number in the procedures section, the tranexamic acid concentration, from 10 mg/mL to 100 mg/mL. The correction notice lists this one change and no other, and the text read for this claim is the corrected text. The source state shows Corrected for that reason.

Record details

Record id

core:outcome-death-any-cause

Content hash

4f5ba53bf4129c197598a4c09d66a8f015ece53df83a703940c37393ddfef4ab