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  "name": "WHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study (MGRS)",
  "aliases": [
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  "summary_plain": "A study in six countries of healthy breastfed children's growth. The study followed children from birth to 24 months and also measured a separate group aged 18 to 71 months. Its data were used to build the Child Growth Standards.",
  "summary_technical": "Design paper abstract (Food and Nutrition Bulletin, March 2004): a community-based, multicountry project to develop growth references, with a longitudinal study from birth to 24 months and a cross-sectional study of children aged 18 to 71 months in Brazil, Ghana, India, Norway, Oman and the United States, about 8,500 children in the pooled sample. Inclusion criteria and the 21 home visits are in the claim on this page. The tool page says the Child Growth Standards were developed using data collected in this study. No registry record was found or searched for, so there are no registry dates or statuses, and the abstract gives no study dates. No results are recorded here: the standards paper has its own page.",
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        "basis": "unknown",
        "unit": "children (the abstract gives about 8,500 for the pooled sample)",
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      "statement": "The WHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study (MGRS) is a community-based, multicountry project to develop growth references for infants and young children. Its design combines a longitudinal study from birth to 24 months with a cross-sectional study of children aged 18 to 71 months. The pooled sample from six countries (Brazil, Ghana, India, Norway, Oman and the United States) is about 8,500 children. Individual inclusion criteria were absence of health or environmental constraints on growth, adherence to MGRS feeding recommendations, absence of maternal smoking, single term birth and absence of significant morbidity. In the longitudinal study, mothers and newborns were enrolled at birth and visited at home 21 times. The authors expect the approach to establish the breastfed infant as the normative model for growth and development.",
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        "label": "Children in the WHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study (six countries)",
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        "population": "Healthy children from six countries: a longitudinal sample followed from birth to 24 months and a cross-sectional sample of children aged 18 to 71 months, about 8,500 children in the pooled sample.",
        "care_setting": "Community-based; mothers and newborns were screened and enrolled at birth and visited at home in the longitudinal study.",
        "geography": "Brazil, Ghana, India, Norway, Oman and the United States",
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      "limitations": "Only the PubMed abstract was read; the full text was not. This is a design and methods paper from 2004, so it reports no growth results. The sample size is given as about 8,500, and the abstract does not say how many children were in each of the two studies. The abstract says the study subpopulations had socioeconomic conditions favourable to growth and low mobility, so the sample describes growth under those conditions.",
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